Ana Pana Parto 1 and Pronouns

Pronouns

You've probably learned a few pronouns, such as "mi" by now, but now is a good time to learn the rest of them, because they are very important for specifying who you are referring to. First, what is a pronoun? A pronoun is a word that's referring to someone or something previously mentioned without restating what it is, such as "I, you, he, she, it" etc. So, here's a table with some pronouns:

Singular	Plural
mi	ni
vi	vi
li, ŝi, ĝi	ili

There really aren't that many of them. This table has rows that correspond to first, second and third person. The first row is "I" then "we". The second row is both "you". In both English and Esperanto, you use the same pronoun in order to refer to one person you are speaking to or multiple - you could address a single person with "you" or an entire crowd. In Esperanto, it is the same. The third row has "he, she, and it" and then "they". These pronouns are used the same way as in English, except in Esperanto "it" can refer to a person whose gender you don't know or an unknown person's gender.

There is also a pronoun "oni". This pronoun means "one", but not in the numerical sense. In English, we say phrases like "how do you say ....." or "you fall down when you trip". In these phrases, we don't actually mean "you" as in the person you are talking to, but as people in general. So, in Esperanto, you use "oni" in that case. For example, "kial oni diras ...?" means "how do you say ...?". There is one last pronoun, but this is quite rare, and it will be covered later.

Possesive Pronouns

Possesive pronouns are pronouns that tell you whose item something is. For example, "my car, your garden, their party". In Esperanto, they are easy to form if you know the pronouns from above - all you have to do is add an "-a" to the end. So, "mia" is "mine", and "ŝia" is hers. Simple, right?

Ana Pana

Now that you know the basics, it's time to start learning! First, you'll to learn the relevant words on Memrise. So, you'll need to learn Parto 1 of this course. Turn up your volume, because this course has audio (since listening to the words pronounced can often help you remember the word better). When you've completed "Parto 1" (which you don't have to do all at once), come back to this post.

Now that you know the words you need to know, it's time to start the course. Go to lernu.net, and in the top navigation  bar, go to "Courses > Basic > Ana Pana". Now, you should see an overview of the course. When you are ready, the blue arrow at the bottom of the page will take you to the next page, and then clicking "Parto 1" should take you to part 1 of the course, which you should complete.

Tip: On Memrise, it is possible to change how many words you plant and water at a time. Click the arrow next to your username, and click "Settings". Under "Learning", you are able to see the settings you are looking for.